Engineers Adda

A wide variety of mining processing and materials-handling equipment is used in underground and surface mining, and in preparation/pro-cessing plants with many noise sources on them having a range of varying noise levels. Frequently, a single piece of equipment will combine several individual noise sources.

A steam table gives the properties of water (liquid, vapor, and mixture) at different temperatures and pressures. Common properties listed:   T = Temperature   P = Pressure (absolute, not gauge)   v = Specific volume (m³/kg)   u = Internal energy (kJ/kg)   h = Enthalpy (kJ/kg)   s = Entropy (kJ/kg·K)   x = Quality (mass fraction of vapour, 0 = sat liquid, 1 = sat vapour)

Explosive is a solid or liquid substance or a mixture of substances which on application of a suitable stimulus is converted in a very short time interval into other more stable substances, largely or entirely gaseous, with the development of heat and high pressure. 

This system is simple in construction and maintenance. It can suit any gradient and curvature of roadways. Even gravity can assist it to the extent that in hilly terrain it could be installed. This type of arrangement, when installed in an incline, it is known as self-acting-incline.

Mechanical conveyors are used for transporting most bulk solids (sand, ash, grains etc.) handling. They are used not only in transportation of bulk solids from one location to another location but also for feeding, discharging, metering and proportioning such materials to and from bulk solids storage silos and other solids handling and processing equipments. Conveyor is a device which is used for continuous transportation.

To extract mineral by underground methods of working, the access may be by an incline (a tunnel from surface to the mineral bed), by an adit, or by a well which is called shaft or pit in mining terminology.

Percussive Drilling It is the oldest method of drilling. In this method a great variety of bits suspended from cables or rods have been used to bore through different kinds of rock. Rope boring was widely used for oil well drilling in which they raised a heavy blunt chisel type of bit jumping on the end of a cable. This enabled a great speed in fairly hard rocks. This blunt type chisel bit is not suitable for clays and soft marls which not only cushion the blows but ball up the bit until it attains a sucking action that renders the bit almost useless. For soft mudstones and shales a long heavy and narrow tool proved successful.